Electrical Diagram of a Dishwasher

How do PMMs differ?

The above parts are standard components of any dishwasher. Depending on the manufacturer’s brand (Electrolux, Ariston, Bosch, Hansa), the equipment can be supplemented with new functions and elements:

  • Heat exchanger. Its operation allows you to quickly dry dishes after a wash cycle. It is a reservoir of water that releases heat and saves energy.
  • Additional heater, fan. Serve as the basis for turbo drying. The heating element heats the air, and the fan disperses it throughout the chamber. As a result, after a few minutes you take out dry dishes.
  • Turbidity sensor. Determines the purity of water in the tank. The appliances will be rinsed repeatedly until the water runs clear. Therefore, the plates come out perfectly clean.

The principle of operation of the water turbidity sensor in the tank for completely rinsing dishes from detergents

  • Rinse aid and salt sensor. As soon as the funds are running low, the sensors will report this and you will be able to replenish the stock in time.
  • Sensor Dry. The new development is found in expensive PMM models. This is a sensor that scans the ambient temperature and adjusts it accordingly in the hopper.
  • Container with zeolite. Another drying technology. By absorbing moisture, the mineral generates heat, which allows the devices to dry. Interestingly, the shelf life of the mineral is long, it lasts for the entire lifetime of the dishwasher. At the same time, the equipment does not consume electricity.
  • Water hardness sensor. The sensor readings serve as a signal to select the optimal washing program. Can only be found in expensive PMMs.
  • Beam on the floor. Convenient function for determining the end of a program. Depending on the type, this may simply be a beam or an indication of the time until the end of the cycle (Bosch, Siemens).

Dishwasher models without a display have an alert function in the form of a projection or beam on the floor

  • Separate spray nozzle for baking trays and glass holder. Components can come with the equipment (Indesit, Burning) or be purchased separately, as in the Beko, Ariston equipment.

In addition, equipment may differ in the material of parts and components. For example, baskets can be made of plastic and metal, and their holders can be folding. Rocker arms are most often made of plastic, so you need to install the plates carefully so as not to damage the part. In rare models there are metal nozzles.

Selection factors

Initially, I recommend deciding on the capacity of the dishwasher. The brand offers narrow and full-size models, and it is the latter that are the optimal solution for a large family. We will consider the remaining selection factors below.

If you want extremely economical operation

In this case, you will have to take into account the level of water consumption and energy saving class . Everything is logical here, the lower the figure indicated in the technical specifications, the less water the unit will consume. In turn, an A++ class machine will “eat” very little electricity.

In this context, I would like to note the choice of programs. The presence of fast, express, ECO operating modes will allow you to wash dishes with minimal expenditure of resources. By the way, this is well facilitated by the half-load mode, which is also useful to pay attention to.

Ease of control

Please note that all BEKO dishwashers have electronic controls. In principle, even a first-grader can master its intricate work. I am sure you will not have any problems in this regard.

If you look at ease of control from the other side, I advise you to choose devices with automatic programs. If you are a busy person, all you need to do is press one button and the smart gadget will do everything for you: determine the degree of soiling of the dishes, the loading level, ensuring optimal operating mode.

Indication

I strongly advise against neglecting this issue. The salt and rinse aid indicator ensures high-quality washing and perfect cleanliness of the dishes. In turn, a sound signal will notify you of the end of the program, which is also quite convenient; you don’t even need the notorious “beam on the floor.”

Do you need a display?

To be honest, this thing is convenient, but not necessary. If your dishwasher has a display, you will be able to track the stages of operation and view the time remaining until the program completes. The question is, do you need it?

Leak protection

The brand offers complete and partial protection against leaks. So, if you don’t want to have a lot of trouble, choose the first option - this is a guarantee that your floor will not turn into a swimming pool if something happens. However, if you need a narrow model, where the options for choosing complete protection against leaks are limited, you can additionally purchase a special double hose, thereby solving this issue in your favor.

Software

Please note that the manufacturer has not equipped the devices with a regular washing mode. This is not bad, but you will have to choose the optimal mode each time or use automation, if available.

So that you don’t get confused, I will briefly describe all the capabilities of the brand’s dishwashers:

  • intensive is a very useful mode that helps to clean all carbon deposits and three-layer fat from any dishes placed in the chamber. A definite plus and benefit!
  • express is one of the fastest modes in its segment. The manufacturer assures that it is able to remove not only light but also heavy dirt, including from frying pans and pots. In my opinion, this is very useful, especially since the washing time takes only 58 minutes (!);
  • Economy – this mode is designed for washing light stains on glasses and plates. The result is achieved in half an hour, respectively, with significant savings in energy and time;
  • pre-soaking is an excellent option that will help prepare dishes for cleaning very heavy stains;
  • delicate – this mode is intended for cleaning particularly valuable and fragile dishes. Believe me, it will come in handy sometimes;
  • automation - I have already noted that this is a convenient and economical option, so I will not dwell on it in more detail.

How the dishwasher works

Let's briefly talk about the processes that occur after the launch of the PMM. Read more about how a dishwasher works in a separate article.

  • After loading the dishes, adding detergents and selecting a program, the machine starts the cycle.
  • The main module sends a signal to the valve for water intake.
  • The pressure switch controls the required water level in the bunker and sends a signal about the end of the intake.
  • If the PMM is connected to a cold water supply, then the flow passes through the heater and reaches the required temperature.
  • The circulation pump supplies water to the rocker arms.
  • Jets wash the devices through nozzles.

Advice! When purchasing a machine, look at the shape of the sprayer. It is better when the bar is curved and the nozzles are located at different angles. In this case, the dishes will be washed more efficiently.

Diagram of operation of the dishwasher sprinkler and pump in the washing and draining mode

  • The water flows into the pan, is cleaned by the filter and again supplied to the sprayer.
  • At the end of the wash, the waste liquid is pumped out and drained.
  • The collection cycle is repeated again, and rinsing begins.
  • Drying starts. The door opens slightly and cool air circulates through the chamber.
  • An audible signal indicating the end of the program will sound or the light will flash.

All that remains is to get the devices and place them in their places.

If you get to the bottom of it, there is nothing complicated in the operation and design of the equipment.

How a dishwasher works

What is the principle of operation of a dishwasher? How do all these mechanisms and components, when put together, make our dirty dishes clean and dry?

Stage 1. Collection and preparation of water

At the first stage, the dishwasher draws the required amount of tap water (usually cold, although there are models that provide connection to cold and hot water supply lines at the same time). The water is passed through a filter with an ion exchanger to reduce its hardness, mixed with detergent, which you previously poured into a special container, and heated to a temperature determined by the specified program.

Stage 2. Spraying the working solution under pressure

The pre-prepared working solution is supplied under pressure to the sprinklers - the upper and lower rocker arms, and also, if so provided by the design, to the sprinklers built into the upper and side walls of the chamber. The reactive force of thin jets of water gushing from the nozzles causes the rocker arms to rotate, due to which a solution of detergent in hot water ends up in every corner of the dishwasher chamber, in every crevice of the rows of dishes located there.

Powerful jets wet the surfaces of dirty plates, softening dried-on food debris and knocking them down, and flow to the bottom. The contaminated liquid is cleaned by passing through a filter system and again supplied to the sprinklers. This is repeated until the washing time set by the program has ended. Dirty water is drained into the sewer, and a portion of fresh water is filled into the machine.

Stage 3. Rinse

Next, liquid rinse aid is added to the water - a multi-stage process of removing detergent residue from the dishes begins.

Consumer Reviews

Household appliances specialists note that only built-in Electrolux models have the beam option on the floor. The weak point in the dishwashers of the ESL LO line is the tubular electric heater. Feedback from housewives about the performance of Swedish machines is mostly positive.

The quality of washing is quite satisfactory: dried-on food residues are washed off well. Cleaning the pan after baking in the cupboard was a hassle. With the acquisition of Electrolux it disappeared. The machine model is 95324LO, I recommend it.

Nadezhda, Yekaterinburg.

My husband and I spent a long time choosing a dishwasher and decided on the Electrolux ESL94585RO appliance. Takes up little space. The number of programs is quite enough to wash dishes of any degree of soiling. I especially like the delicate mode function - the glass does not break, but shines.

Natalya, Khabarovsk.

Everything is fine in Electrolux machines, but we have children in our family, and there is no blocking against accidental key presses. I have to constantly remind you not to play with the buttons. There are no other comments - it works quietly, washes cleanly, and uses little water. Model ESL95324LO rating – 5 points.

Daria, Moscow.

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Electrolux dishwashers have proven themselves to be reliable and of high quality, as confirmed by user reviews. The price of Swedish equipment is slightly higher than the cost of similar PMMs from other brands, but the investment is well worth it.

Additional functional elements

The dishwasher parts listed above and shown in the diagram are standard for this class of household appliances. But every manufacturer strives to improve its technology, adding new functions to it by installing elements.

  1. Additional heating element and fan. They are used for turbo drying, during which the contents of the dishwasher become dry very quickly. For example, this addition is inherent in the Ariston LST 216 A and Ariston LSF 712 machine models, but the Bosch dishwasher does not have a turbo dryer.
  2. Sensor for determining water purity. This sensor helps the dishwasher automatically select a dishwashing program (amount of detergent and water, temperature).

  3. Sensors that detect the presence of rinse aid and salt are installed in the vast majority of models.
  4. Sensor Dry is a drying sensor that measures the ambient temperature, relative to which the PMM will determine the method of drying dishes. This sensor is installed in expensive dishwasher models such as Miele G4263Vi.
  5. A container with zeolite mineral improves the drying process. This mineral, in addition to absorbing moisture, is capable of releasing dry heat. This technology can be seen in PMM models from the Bosch and Neff brands.
  6. Sensor for determining water hardness. In accordance with the indicators of this sensor, the unit selects the desired dishwashing program. It can only be observed in very expensive models of units.
  7. A “beam on the floor”, red or green, depending on the stage of the program, is available in all modern washing machines. In a Bosch dishwasher, as well as a Siemens dishwasher, this indication can show the remaining time and the progress of the program.

  8. A special rocker for washing baking sheets and a holder for glasses is present in some models, but more often it is purchased separately.
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